The Horse Protection Act (“HPA”) is a federal law passed in 1970 to combat the inhumane practice of “soring” that generally refers to intentionally causing pain to a horse’s feet and/or legs to exaggerate its gait for competitive advantage. While historically associated with gaited breeds like Tennessee Walking Horses and Racking Horses, the HPA applies broadly to all horses, regardless of breed or discipline. The USDA’s Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), which enforces the Act, has reaffirmed this point repeatedly.